F 




Kr ExcuTsioTi for tVie, 

I New/ork. 

No. 9. Historic DTon>: . 



Ml. 





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EXCURSION 

PLANNED FOR THE 

CITY HISTORY CLUB 

OF 

NEW YORK 

BY 
RANDALL COMFORT 

(Member of the New York Historical Society) 

AND 

DR. GEORGE W. NASH 

No. IX.— HISTORIC BRONX 

PRICE, 10 CENTS * ^ , 

Mailed on receipt of price by Secretary, City History Club 
23 W. 44th Street 



Copyrighted, 1Q06, by the City History Club of New York 

CoUectcd set. 



Object. — The City History Club (founded in 1896) has for its object, 
the study of the history of the City of New York, in the hope of awakening 
an interest in its past development and traditions and in the possibihties of 
its future, such educational work being for the improvement, uplifting and 
civic betterment of the community. 

To that end a series of historical excursions was planned which, from 
time to time, it has been found necessary to revise in order (i) to correct 
errors due to misinformation, of which even standard books of New York 
history are not entirely free; (2) to keep pace with the march of improve- 
ments whereby the topography of the City is constantly changing; and (3) 
to add material as new light is shed on the past and as new tablets and 
monuments are erected to mark historic sites. 

By its efforts, literature, lectures, and by these historical excursions 
interest in City history /las been awakened since the organization of the 
Club, and many students have devoted their time to research and study of 
life in old New York. To those who, influenced by their example, desire 
to enter upon the fascinating acquisition of knowledge of our great City's 
growth, the following books will be helpful : Todd's " Story of New York " 
(Putnam) ; Goodwin's " Historic New York," two bound volumes com- 
posed of 24 monographs; "The Half Moon Series," which maybe pur- 
chased separately, of these : " The Neutral Ground " is of particular value 
for this Excursion (Putnam) ; Hemstreet's "Literary Landmarks of New 
York" (Putnam) ; Janvier's " In Old New York" (Harper) ; Hemstreet's 
" Nooks and Corners of Old New York " and " When Old New York was 
Young"; Innes' " New Amsterdam and Its People " (Scribner) ; Ulmann's 
"Landmark History of New York " (Appleton) ; R. R. Wilson's "New 
York Old and New" (Lippincott) ; reproductions of noted historical maps 
and pictures of Old New York (Dunreath Publishing Co.). Special works 
include Comfort's " History of Bronx Borough, New York City" (F. T. 
Smiley Pub. Co.) ; Scharf's " History of Westchester County " (Preston & 
Co.); Bolton's "History of the County of Westchester" (Roper) ; Shon- 
nard's "History of Westchester County" (N. Y. History Co.); Allison's 
" History of Yonkers." ^ Abbatt's " Battle of Pell's Point " ; Edsall's " His- 
tory of Kingsbridge •"• •; Pryer's " Reminiscences of an Old Westchester 
Homestead " (Putnam). August R. Ohman, 97-101 Warren St., publishes 
the best modern maps of New York. See also the list of Club publica- 
tions. 

The City History Club would greatly appreciate corrections and addi- 
tions to the points covered in this excursion, especially if authorities are 
quoted. 



INTRODUCTION. 

Bronx Borough derives its name from the first white settler, Jonas 
Bronck, who settled near the Bronx Kills in 1639. An adjacent river 
became known as Bronck's (shortened later to Bronx) River and in recent 
times the same name was applied to the whole borough. 

Many Indians, the Sewanoes, Weckquaesgeeks and Mohicans, branches 
of the Algonquin family, made this borough their home, dwelling on the 
shores of the Hudson, the Bronx and the Sound. They left various Indian 
names behind them, such as Acrahung, Muscoota, Aquahung, and Aquea- 
noncke. Many of the old title-deeds date back to early purchases from 
Indian sachems. 

Perhaps the earliest Dutch settlement was in 1654 at Westchester (see 
p. 22). Soon the English followed, some of the first titles being granted 
by Governor NichoUs. 

Many Revolutionary scenes were enacted in this borough and a full 
quota of its citizens went forth to serve and die in defence of their rights. 
The dreaded " Neutral Ground " extended from the Harlem to the northern 
limits of the present borough. Pelham saw the " Battle of Pelham Neck" 
(see pp. 24, 25), while Westchester may well boast of its "Battle of West- 
chester Creek" (see p. 22). Other sections could tell of individual 
engagements with the King's forces. 

The early and middle parts of the Nineteenth Century saw great changes 
under the influence of civilization. Extensive farm lands were made to 
bring forth the fruits of the earth ; then came the successful business men, 
who located here their country estates and elegant mansions, many 
examples of which are yet to be found in spite of the advance of the city. 

The year 1874 brought annexation to the great city of New York of 
13,000 acres of the western part of the Bronx, followed in 1895 by the 
remaining 20,000 acres. And now these 33,000 acres of hill and plain are 
fast merging into that wonderful city that is proud to style itself " America's 
Metropolis." 




MAP I. (Made for the City History Club of New York.) 

Figures correspond with those in Excursion No. IX. 

• Marks Elevated R. R. Stations. 

I Marks Subway Stations 

X Marks N. Y. C. and H. R. R. K. Stations. 

Adapted from Map of Bronx, by courtesy o( August R. Ohman, Map Publisher and Engineer, 

97 Warren St., Mew York City. 



SECTION I. KINGSBRIDGE TO THE CITY LINE. 
[Figures refer to map I, p. 4, and III, p. 75.) 
Take N. V. Central train from Grand Central Statio?t to Kings- 
bridge Station or Broadway Subway to 221st Street. 
From Kingsbridge north, the section including Yonkers, was termed in 
Revolutionary days "the Neutral Ground," — the scene of countless rav- 
ages by irregular bands known as " Cowboys " and " Skinners," who com- 
mitted such lawless depredations that many of the residents were forced 
into temporary exile. 

(1.) King'sbridg'e Ship Caual Bridge, crossing the Harlem Ship Canal, 
cut through in 1895 to shorten the distance between the Hudson and the 
Sound. 

Walk north along Broadway {Old Kingsbridge Road), to Broadway 
Bridge. See from here 

(2.) The Free Bridge (also called Farmers' or Dyckman's Bridge), 
built 1759 to avoid toll on the King's Bridge. 

(3.1 The Roman Catholic Orphan Asylum may be seen to the south- 
east on Fordham Heights, occupying the site of British Fort No. Six, 
styled " The King's Battery) (see p. 6). Below this rises the Webb 
Academy or Home for Shipbuilders.* Still further south see the dome of 
the Hall of Fame of N. Y. University. 

(4.) Old King's Bridge, at the west, was built in 1693 by Frederick 
Phillipse, at the point where the Harlem and Spuyten Duyvil Creek join, 
and is the oldest bridge across the Harlem. Some claim that it still occu- 
pies the original site at the narrowest part of the stream, others that in 1713 
it was moved a few rods east. Washington retired across it in 1776, and 
returned over it victorious in 1783, and it was a centre of military move- 
ments during the Revolution. The large stones in the water to the west 
of the bridge are the remains of Macomb's Grist and Tide Mill of 1800 
which fell in 1856. 

Spuyten Duyvil Heights may be seen on the western horizon. The city 
has appropriated ^3,000,000 to build an immense structure to be called the 

(5.) Henry Hudson Memorial Bridge, to be completed in 1909 as a 
fitting monument for the ter-centennial of the great explorer. It will con- 
nect the Riverside Drive Extension on Manhattan with the Spuyten Duyvil 
Parkway of the Bronx. 

* Note : The Moses De Voe House is just east. It was built in 1782 and once owned by 
Peter Valentine. 



See, also, from this point locations of 

(6.) General Montgomery's Farm on Kingsbridge Heights, on north- 
ern portion of which was 

(7.) British Fort No. Four, or the American Fort Independence (1776). 
The site of this fort is now occupied by the residence of Mr. Wm. O. Giles, 
on Giles Place, near Fort Independence Street. In 1772 General Richard 
Montgomery dwelt in this section, calling it his " King's Bridge Farm." On 
his land stood, until recently, the ruins of what was an old Revolutionary 
powder magazine. On the edge of the hill is the 

(8.) Old Montgomery Cottage, of Dutch architecture, at Heath Ave- 
nue and Ft. Independence Street. Across the old Boston Post Road 
(1672) was 

(9.) The farm of Dominie Tetard, Chaplain to Montgomer}^ his house 
dating from 1776. On his estate stood the British Fort No. Five, lately 
restored, a small square redoubt, probably an outwork of Fort Independ- 
ence (see No. 7). 

(10.) Spiiyteii Duyvil Hill, on which a few traces remain of Forts Nos. 
One, Two (Fort Swartwout) and Three (Note, p. 8). 

Forts Six, the " King's Battery," and Seven are both on Fordham 
Heights, and Eight (marked by a tablet erected by the Sons of the Revo- 
lution) is on the grounds of the N. Y. University (see Section II, Nos. 43, 
44). 

Under Spuyten Duyvil Hill is the site of the Indian village of Nip- 
inichsen from which Indians attacked Hudson in 1609. 

(11.) The Old Wading Place is east of the old King's Bridge. 
(12.) Macomb Mansion, on the Bronx mainland, faces the new Broad- 
way Bridge. In 1693 this was known as the public house "at the north 
end of the bridge." and in 1776 as Cox's Tavern. It was bought by Alex- 
ander Macomb, the erector of Macomb's Dam (see Section II) in 1797 and 
in 1848 was sold to the late J. H. Godwin. Parts still show its great age. 
Madam Jumel used to drive here with her coach and four. 

At Kingsbridge the old Post Road from New York divided, the Albany 
Post Road (1669). now Albany Road, leading northward to Van Cortlandt, 
Yonkers and Albany, while the Boston Post Road (1672) led northeast 
over Williamsbridge through Eastchester and New Rochelle to Boston. 
The Kingsbridge Road extended southeast up Breakneck Hill to West 
Farms and Westchester, passing at the foot of the hill the old house still 
called Emmerich's Headquarters, after the colonel of the Hessians who 
camped there. 



(13.) The Island of Papirinamen (an old Indian name) was just north- 
east of old King's Bridge, once surrounded by water at high tide. 

Take Broadway Trolley to Van Cortlandt Park, opposite the mansion. 

(14.) Tan Cortlandt Mansion, now the Museum of the Colonial 
Dames, built in 1748 (see inscription on walls) by Frederick Van Cort- 
landt. See Tablet on the southeast corner. Note the quaint key-stones 
over the windows; probably brought from Holland. Here were enter- 
tained Washington, Rochambeau, the Duke of Clarence (later King Wil- 
liam the Fourth), and others. Washington spent the night of November 
12, 1783, here before crossing King's Bridge to enter New York. 

See the guide-book, to be obtained from the custodian. 

(15.) Rhinelander Sugar House Window is just northeast of the man- 
sion. It was presented by J. T. O. Rhinelander in 1903, and was formerly 
part of the old sugar house in Rose and Duane Streets (see Excursion 
No. I, No. 46). This is flanked by two cannon from Fort Independence 
(see 7). 

(16.) The Statue of General Porter is behind the mansion ; erected 
1902. 

(17.) The Parade Ground, the camping place for the military, lies to 
the north. It is the site of Van der Donck's Planting Field (1653), where 
he located his "bouwerie," secured by purchase from the Indians and 
grant from Gov. Kieft, and about 1676 built a house about on the site of 
the first Van Cortlandt house (22). Later his lands were called Colen- 
donck, or Donck's Colony. 

(18.) Vault Hill and the Van Cortlandt Burial Vault. In 1781 Wash- 
ington built camp fires on this hill to deceive the British, while he was 
withdrawing his troops to Yorktown. 

(19.) Indian Field, on the old " Mile Square Road," Woodlawn Heights, 
was the scene in August, 1778, of a battle between the British Cavalry and 
a small party of Stockbridge Indians fighting on behalf of the patriots. A 
tablet has recently been placed here by the Bronx Chapter, D. A. R., in- 
scribed as follows : 

August 31, 1778. 

Upon this Field Chief Nimham and Seventeen Stockbridge Indians, 

Allies of the Patriots, 

Gave their Lives for Liberty. 

Erected by Bronx Chapter, D. A. R,, of Mount Vernon, N. Y., 

June 14th, 1906. 



8 

Van Cortlandt Lake was made in 1700 by damming up Tippett's 
Brook. 

(20,) Site of Van Cortlandt Saw and Grist Mills, at the west end of the 
bridge over the dam. These mills were in active use for over two hundred 
years; they were struck by lightning and burned in 1901, and the pic- 
turesque ruins were later removed to improve the grounds ; one of the 
mill-stones is still to be seen on the bank of the mill-race. 

(21.) The Berrian Burying-Ground, north of the mills. 

(22.) Site of an older Van Cortlandt House (1700) and Van Der Donck's 
House. 

(23.) Colonial Dutch Garden, south of the Mansion, surrounded by a 
moat. One of the stones of the old mill forms the base for the pedestal of 
a sun-dial. 

SIDE TRIP TO THE WEST. 
Take Spuyteii Duyvil Parkway west, passing 

(24.) Thirteenth Mile Stone, near the junction of the Albany Post 
Road. 

(25.) Cowboy Oak, near the public school, where tradition says mem- 
bers of that band of outlaws were hanged during the Revolution. Near by 
is the Seton Hospital for consumptives. 

(26.) The Berrian Farm House, at the point of Berrian's Neck, com- 
manding a magnificent view of the Hudson River. See Cold Spring across 
Spuyten Duyvil Creek (Excursion No. IV, 39). See also Sites of Forts Nos. 
One, Two, Three.* 

Reiur7i on Spuyten Duyvil Parkway to Dash's Lane to see 

(27.) Upper Cortlandt's, or Van Cortlandt's on the Hill, to distinguish 
it from the house on the meadow below ; the Stone House was built in 1822 
by Augustus Van Cortlandt and is now owned by Waldo Hutchins. 

(28.) The Gardener's Cotta<?e, near by, was built in 1766 by Frederick 
Van Cortlandt. 

The powder-house in the woods near by was built about 1835 to store 
powder for the Croton Aqueduct. 

Return to Broadway and resume the main trip. 

(29.) Van Cortlandt's Miller's House, a white house built for the miller 
of the old estate. 

* No, I, forms the foundation of L. H. Lapham's house; Spuyten Duyvil Hill, west of 
junction of Sydney Street and Independence Avenue. 

No. II, or Ft. Swartout ; crown of hill, N. E. of intersection of Sidney and Troy Streets. 
No. Ill, brow of Spuyten Duyvil Hill, N. of Sidney and E. of Troy Street. 



(30.) The Hadley House, partly of wood un painted and partly stone 
covered with vines. It probably antedates the Van Cortlandt Mansion. 
Tradition says that slaves were kept in the old stone room in the south 
wing. 

The old Albany Post Road here lies to the west of Broadway, but joins 
Broadway near Riverdale Lane, which leads to 

(31.) Mark Twain's former home, north of which (on 254th Street) is 
the magnificent Morosini Mansion (Sycamore Avenue and 253d Street). 

Contitiue tiorth on Broadway. 

(32.) Clara Morris' House, its gate over the Yonkers line. West of 
this are the grounds of Mt. St. Vincent Convent, in which is 

(33.) Font Hill, the actor Forrest's old home, named from the former 
owner. La Font. 

Leave the car at Valentine's Lane and walk west to 

(31.) Washington's Chestnut, a gigantic tree over 200 years old. Tra- 
dition says that Washington concealed himself in a hole in this tree about 
20 feet above the ground when he was surprised by the British while on 
a tour of observation. 

(35.) The Lawrence House, at the corner of Hawthorn Avenue. 
Washington stopped here, and this is probably the house given to Law- 
rence as a reward for his services as guide. 

Return either by N. V. Central from Ludlow or by N. V. and Putnam 

from Low err e. 

SECTION II. CENTRAL BRIDGE TO FORDHAM HEIGHTS, 
WILLIAMSBRIDGE AND WAKEFIELD. 

[Figures refer to maps I, p. 4, II, p. 10, III, P- 15 and IV, p. rg.) 

Take 6th or gth Av. Elevated Road to iSSth Street and car across 

(30.) Central Bridge, on practically the site of the old Macomb's Dam 
Bridge near which was the old Macomb's Dam, making a pond out of the 
Harlem to supply his mill at Kingsbridge. The dam was broken down by 
a delegation of citizens about 1840, and, being declared a public nuisance, 
was finally abolished. 

About j66th Street the car passes on the right the 

(37.) Cromwell Farm House, about 150 years old, lying at the head of 
old Cromwell's Creek. 



lO 



si^i^^ 




MAP II. (Made for the City History Club of New York.) 

[Figures correspond with those in Excursion No. IX. 

% Marks Elevated R. R. Stations. 

I Marks Subway Stations. 

X Marks R. R. Stations. 

Adapted from Map of Bronx, by courtesy of August R. Ohman, Map Publisher and 

Engineer, 97 Warren Street, New York City. 



The car continues on Jerome Avenue [McConib's Dam Road). 
Get out at 

(88.) Featherbed Lane, so called because, as it is stated, it was so ex- 
tremely rough and stony, or from the story that the Americans, surprised 
by the British, were rescued by the ingenuity of the farmers' wives, who 
spread feather beds on the lane, thus enabling them to escape without being 
heard. 

Walk west to Macomf s Dam Road, one of the oldest roads hi this sectio?t, 

to the 
(39.) Towiiseud Poole Cottage. Note the"*date of erection, 1782, in 
iron figures on the stone wall, reading backwards. In this cottage were 
lodged Lieutenant Peary's Esquimaux, brought by him from the Far North* 

Walk along Featherbed Lane ivest to Marcher [Shakespeare) Avenue, 
then down this to Jessup Place, to the 

(40.) Old Devoe Cottage, built in 1804, one of the landmarks of the 
region. Walk down Jessup Place to Boscobel Avenue, then north to 
Washington Bridge. High Bridge is just five blocks to the south. 

Board an Aqueduct Avenue car to University Avenue. Here is the 

(41.) New York University, removed here from Washington Square 
in 1894. See the 

(42.) Hall of Fame, to honor great Americans, dedicated on Memo- 
rial Day, 1 901, when the first 29 tablets were unveiled. 

(43.) Tablet to commemorate Fort No. Eight, erected in 1900 on the 
Chemistry Building by the Sons of the Revolution. (See monograph 
" Fort No. Eight," by Prof. Schwab, of Yale.) 

(44.) Site of Fort No. Seven (no trace), at Camman Place and Fordham 
Road. 

(45.) Monument to the Founders of the N. Y. University (built of ma- 
terial from the old building). 

Take Jerome Avenue trolley north, crossing- Fordhain and Ki?igsbridge 
Roads, to igdth Street. Climb '' Dead Head Hill," from which 
may be seen 

(46.) Fordham Dutcli Reformed Manor Church, the successor to the 
structure of 1706. Virginia Poe, wife of the poet, was first buried here. 
(The famous Poe Cottage, where Edgar Allan Poe and his child-wife 
lived, is yet standing on the old Kingsbridge Road, some distance east of 



here. See 96, Section IV.) The large buildings to the southwest are 
those of the Roman Catholic Orphan Asylum. 

(47.) Jerome Park Reservoir, 300 acres in extent, lies to the west, oc- 
cupying the site of the former Jerome Park Race Track. Across the Res- 
ervoir may be seen 

(48.) Fort No. Five (lately restored and marked by a flag-pole), one of 
the chain of forts built by the Americans in 1776 to command the valley 
below. (See 9, Sect. I.) General Montgomery's House (1776) had its site 
north of this s])Ot, across Sedgwick Avenue. (See 6, Sect. I.) East of the 
avenue is the site of 

(49.) Dominie Tetard's House (1776), Chaplain to Montgomery. 
North at Giles Place is the site of Fort Independence, or Fort No. Four (see 
7, Sect. I.), standing on Montgomery's farm, occupied by him at the time 
of his joining the Continental army. South of this w-as an old archway 
styled Washington's Powder House. Back of this stands the Montgomery 
Cottage, a Dutch-looking house on the General's farm. (See 8, Section I.) 

East of the wall dividing the Reservoir may be seen (1906) 

(50.) A clump of trees marking the site of the old Betts House (1776). 
remodeled and enlarged by James Gordon Bennett into the handsome Je- 
rome Park Polo Club House, burned in 1906. To the south is the site of 
the 

(51.) Old Bathgate House, built about 1765. The^e sites will soon be 
obliterated by the Reservoir. 

Walk Of trolley >iort/i to 

(52.) Boston Avenue, or Colonial Road, the first highway from Boston 
to New York, laid out in 1672. This portion is now called Van Cort- 
land Avenue. Above may be seen the 

(53.) Crlacial Bowlder, in front of the Division Engineer's office, near 
the High Pressure Pumping Station with the tall water tower. 

Walk east on Van Cortland Avenue to Eartiscliffe Hill, 

site of the Negro Fort of the Revolution, on the north side of 206th Street, 
and two lots east of the Concourse. Continuing east the road passes the 

(54.) Isaac Varian Homestead, erected in 1776, the old wing (now- 
destroyed) dating from 1770. An encounter between the British and 
Americans occurred here in 1776, the Continentals driving their foes out of 
this house and along the Boston Post Road co Fort Independence. 

Walk around the Williamsbridge Reservoir to Gun Hill Road and 
down the Hill to Webster Avenue. 



^3 

Take trolley noj-th passing 

(o5.) An American Fort (1776), a redoubt thrown up by Gen. Heath, 
now located in the southeast corner of Woodlawn Cemetery, On the 
left is seen. 

(oG.) Woodlawn Cemetery. Among the 66,000 interments are those 
of Admiral Farragut and Lieut. De Long-. The Receiving Vault occupies 
the site of the Valentine Farm House. 

Nort?i of the cemetery just below the car-barn leave the car at 

(57.) Washington's Onn Honse, on the old Hyatt Farm. Here 
Washington is said to have stored his guns, and the name of the adjacent 
settlement, Washingtonville, is said to have been derived from this fact. 

Take trolley back to Gun Hill Road and transfer on car to Williatns- 

bridge. 

Just south of the bridge may be seen the tower of the 

(58.) Hermitage, a noted French restaurant. This locality is the scene 
of Hopkinson Smith's " A Day at Laguerre's " and " Other Days." As 
the car turns to the north at Williamsbridge Square, there may be seen on 
the right a 

(59.) Revolntionary House, painted red, its sides full of holes made by 
British bullets. The car now runs up White Plains Road, passing on the 
right the site of the old Williams House, the home of the family after 
which Williamsbridge is named. It stood about opposite the Catholic 
Church. To the right, in the Middle of 221st Street, may be seen the 

(00.) Hnstace Honse, one of the oldest landmarks of the region. On 
the northeast corner of 222d Street is the 

(61.) Havens House, very old and containing many historical relics, 
including the handsome mahogany bedstead on which Com. Perry died. 
It is said that the piano now in Washington's Headquarters at Newburgh 
was the property of Mrs. Havens while she was in the family of Gov. 
Clinton, by whom she was adopted. On the corner of 228th Street stood 
Washington's Headquarters, torn down about 20 years ago, as it then was 
in the middle of the street. It was known as the "shingled house." 

((>1A.) Old Penfleld Homestead, Demilt Avenue and 242d Street, east 
of White Plains Road, over a century old. (See quaint inscriptions on old- 
fashioned windows.) 

At Demilt Avenue once stood the Thirteen Trees, planted in early days 
by a relative of the Paulding who helped capture Andre. They have all 
yielded to the onward march of progress, the last one, a black walnut, 



14 

measuring 3 feet 8 inches at the bult, having been cut down a few years 
ago. To the north is the 

(62.) Home of Adelina Patti, where she spent part of her girlhood, 
the plot having been bought by her father on which to erect a house. 
Take Harlem or New Haven train to return. 

N. B. It might be found more convenient to reverse this trip, ending at 
Central Bridge. 

SECTION III. HARLEM RIVER TO HUNT'S POINT. 
[Figures refer to map III, p. i^, and //, p 10.) 
At i2Qth Street, foot of the jrd Avenue Elevated R. R. take Southern 
Boulevard trolley, passing near St. Ann's Avenue, the site of the 
(63.) Gouverneur Morris Mansion (line of 130th Street and Cypress 
Avenue), lately destroyed, the home of the Morris family of Morrisania, 
where Lafayette and other notables were entertained. Gouverneur Mor- 
ris, the statesman, soldier and diplomat, owned 1,920 acres of Bronx 
real estate. Close by is the site of the Lewis Morris Mansion, lately taken 
down. When Lewis Morris signed the Declaration of Independence, he 
knew full well that a British fleet was close at hand ready to destroy his 
home. But it never did so. 

(64.) St. Ann's P. E. Church, at St. Ann's Avenue and 140th Street^ 
contains a memorial window and several tablets in memory of members of 
the Morris family. 

(65.) Jonas Bronck's House (first settler in the Bronx, 1639, see Intro- 
duction, p. 3.) stood not far from the Harlem River station of the New 
Haven R. R. The building had a tiled roof, and he " used real silver on 
his table, had a table-cloth and napkins, and possessed as many as six 
linen shirts." 

Passing Port Morris, the car goes near Leggett Avenue, formerly 
(66.) " Leggett's Lane," along which the British marched, passing a 
deep cave where the Americans had, while in flight, hidden the bodies of 
some of their companions. It was near the Longwood Club House. On 
the right is the site of the Whitlock or Casanova Mansion, which took 
three years to build (finished in 1859), and was in its day one of the most 
magnificent houses in America. The door knobs were of solid gold, and 
it had secret rooms and underground passages. Just beyond, the Boule- 
vard crosses Lafayette Lane (see 71). Under the trees to the right was an 
old structure, appropriately called the " Kissing Bridge." A short distance 
beyond is 



15 







^Ss^$:- .,,,,^ 









Map III. The Bronx about iS8o. 
(From an old print.) 



(67.) Fox Corners, where may be seen the grand old " Foxhurst Man- 
sion," built by W. W. Fox in 1848. Near it are 

(68.) " Ambleside," the residence of the Simpsons, and " Briarhtside," 
that of the late Col. R. M. Hoe. Back of Foxhurst stood the old Hunt Inn, 
built in 1660, from the walls of which many interesting relics were taken. 

Leave the car here a?id walk back to Hiinfs Point Road. Turn down 
this a?td pass on the right. 

(69.) The Locusts, a building of Revolutionary days. Beyond this is 
the stately 

(70.) Woodside, the late home of E. G. Faile. From its porch a mag- 
nificent view may be obtained, while this mansion is a landmark to all 
travelers on the Sound. See nearby a Cedar of Lebanon, the gift of a 
U. S. Consul. 

To the north is the east end of 

(71.) Lafayette Lane, now widened into the broad Lafayette Avenue. In 
1824 the great Frenchman traveled from Boston to New York via Fox Cor- 
ners and the Hunt's Point Road, presumably to stay at one of the Leggett 
Houses. George Fox was one of the marshals of a delegation of New 
York citizens to meet and escort him. It is said that Lafayette " paused in 
silent meditation at the grave of Joseph Rodman Drake." On the south 
side of Lafayette Avenue stands the 

(72.) Corpus Christ! Monastery, with its sombre gray stone walls. 
Note the splendid view of lower New York, — St. Patrick's Cathedral, the 
Cathedral of St. John the Divine, St. Luke's Hospital, Grant's Tomb, etc. 
On the left is 

(73.) Sunnyside, the former residence of Peter Hoe, one of the most 
beautiful residences in the Bronx. A short distance below 

(74.) Cherry Lane branches off, leading to the old Leggett dock near 
an old Leggett House, of which only the foundation remains. Nearer the 
Sound is the site of the Barretto (often called Blythe) Mansion, destroyed 
by fire a few years ago. It was of Revolutionary date and was the home 
of Francis J. Barretto, after whom Barretto's Point was named. 

Return to Hunt's Point Road near the 

(75.) Spofford Mansion, then down the field on the right, where are 
the sites of 

(76.) The Jessup and Richardson Houses near the spring. In 1660 
Gov. Nicholls granted 1,000 acres in this region to Edward Jessup and John 
Richardson, w^ho bought it from the Indians. Their respective descend- 



17 

ants were the Hunts and Jessups. Close by runs the stone wall dividing- 
the old " Planting Neck," styled by the Indians " Quinnahung," from the 
lower portion, or Hunt's Point proper. In the opposite field, on the long 
slope below the Spofford Mansion, see the tiny 

(77.) Legg-ett burying'-ground, whence ten bodies were removed, one 
being that of Mayor Leggett of Westchester. 

On the left, beyond the curve in the road, is the 

(78.) Hunt burying-grouud, where is a stone within an iron railing to 
Joseph Rodman Drake, author of " The Culprit Fay," " Bronx " and " Ode 
to the American Flag." It is "a modest shaft, half hidden by^the tangle 
of bushes and wild flowers that border the road, marking the grave of a 
poet who knew and loved our own neighborhood in the early days when all 
was country-like and the city far away." The inscription reads 

Sacred to the Memory of 
Joseph Rodman Drake, M. D,, 
who died Sept. 2ist, 1820. 
" None knew him but to love him ; 
None named him but to praise." 

Among the relics of the old Hunt Inn is a pane of glass from one of the 
windows on which were written with a diamond the names of Drake and 
Nancy Leggett, joined at the end with a bracket and the single word " Love.'* 

Across the road is the 

(79.) Grraveyard of the Slaves of early residents, among them being 
•' Bill," the colored pilot of The Hussar (see 106). Further down on the 
left across the bridge are 

(80.) Lord Howe's intrencliments among a handsome group of trees. 
It is said that they were thrown up by him in the Revolution. At the ex- 
treme end of the Point is the old 

(81.) Hunt Mansion, dating back to 1688, and built in four sections as 
the residents gradually added to their wealth, the most ancient mansion 
on an estate which for 200 years has been known as Hunt's Point. 

Return by road to the Souther?i Boulevard afid take trolley home. 



iS 







daCDir^MES^ 



MAP IV. (Made for the City History Club of New York.) 
Figures correspond with those in Excursion No. IX. 
% Marks Elevated R. R. Stations. 
I Marks Subway Stations. 
X Marks N. Y. and H. R. R. R. Stations. 
Adapted from map of Bronx, by courtesy of August R. Ohman, 
Publisher and Engineer, 97 Warren St., New York City. 



Map 



19 

SECTION IV. WESTERN MORRISANIA, FORDHAM AND 

BRONX PARK. 

{Figures refer to Map II, p. lo, and IV, p. iS.) 
Third Avenue Elevated to i66th Street, or Subway to I4gth Street and 

Third Avenue Elevated to i66th Street. Go west on idyth Street, 

(82.) Old Stone Gate House, below 167th Street west of Third Avenue. 
This is the oldest building in Morrisania and the only one standing that 
was there before the village was formed in 1848. 

(83.) Win. H. Morris Mansion (near Findlay Avenue), built in 1816, 
near the site of an older house erected in 1795 by James Morris. Just west 
of this is the old 

(84.) Morris Farm House, dating from 1792, a quaint stone structure. 

Take trolley north toClaremont Park, in which is the solid stone 

(85.) Zborowslii Mansion, the present headquarters of the Bronx Park 
Department. It was built in 1859, and is evidently on the site of an older 
building dating about 1676. Beyond this is the famous 

(86.) Black Swamp, where cattle have been lost ever since the time of 
the Indians, and which for years defied all efforts of contractors to fill it up. 

Trolley east on Tre7nont Avenue, passing near the site of the Bathgate 
Homestead, home of the old family of that name, and north on Third 
Avenue trolley. 

At 176th Street is the site of the Bathgate Avenue House, a very old 
structure, recently destroyed. On the east, in the grounds of the Home for 
Incurables at i82d Street, is the 

(87.) Jacob Lorillard House, now the home of the medical superin 
tendent. Here Poe once recited his famous " Raven." 

Leave trolley at Pelhani Avenue and walk east to IVayhington Avenue. 

(88.) Powell Farm House, Fordham's oldest house, said to be 
haunted. 

(89.) Stentou Residence, scene of the recent murder (1906), having 
secret rooms. In the rear stood an old barn, recently burned, said to 
have sheltered Washington's horses during the Revolution. In front is the 
great Stenton Willow, 300 years old. 

Walk to Fordha?n Square. 

(90.) Nolan's Hotel, where Washington is said to have stopped when 
he stabled his horses in the Stenton barn. 

Walk west up the hill along the Kingsbridge Road to the 



(91.) Poe Cottai^e, where Edgar Allan Poe lived in I845-49, and wrote 
many of his poems. Here his invalid wife died and was buried from the 
Fordham Dutch Reformed Church further along on the same road (No. 46). 
Just opposite is an old cherry tree, into which the poet used to climb and 
throw the fruit to his wife. 

(92.) White House, where lived an old lady who used to supply Poe 
with the necessities of life during his deepest poverty. 

Return to Fordham Road and go west to the 

(93.) Yaleiitine Farm House (near Concourse), remodeled into a hand- 
some residence. 

Go back to Webster Avenue and take north-bound car, passing on the 

right 

(94 ) The grounds of Fordham University, or St. John's College 
(founded 1841), where once was Rose Hill Manor, on which stood the 
Rose Hill Manor House and the old Manor Farm House. Here was born 
Andrew Corsa, the last of the famous Westchester guides to Washington, 
Rochambeau, etc. 

Leave the trolley at Bronx Park station and visit the 
(95.) Botanical Museum; (96.) Horticultural Hall; (97.) Hemlock 
Grove (Forest Congress); (98.) The Indian Well (Bath or Basin) ; (99.) 
Lorillard Falls; (100.) Lorillard Mansion; (loi.) The Old Fashioned 
Flower Garden (Pierre Lorillard's famous "Acre of Roses") ; (102.) The 
Lorillard Snuff Mill; (103.) Zoological Gardens; (104.) Rocking Stone,, 
near the restaurant. 

Return via Subzuay from West Farms station. 

SECTION V. THROGG'S NECK AND WESTCHESTER. 

{Figures refer to Map III, p. /j.) 

Party of 15 adults may secure j)ass in advance from Commandant, Ft. 
Schuyler, to go on Government boat Tuesdays, Thursdays or Saturdays. 
Take Govertimejit boat for Fort Schuyler, passing en route 

(105.) Port Morris, where the Great Eastern anchored after her first 
trip to New York. Close by the 

(106.) British Frigate-of-war Hussar sank (Nov. 23, 1780), reported 
laden with a mass of British gold and American prisoners. Numerous 
attempts have been made to recover the treasure, but in vain. (See Sect. 
Ill, No. 79.) 



21 

(107.) North and South Brothers Islands, the former containing the 
City Isolation Hospital. A few feet off this shore, on June 15, 1904, sank 
the ill-fated General Slocum. 

(108.) Hunt's Point, where can be seen the old Hunt Mansion (1688). 
On this neck lies buried Joseph Rodman Drake. (See Section HI, Nos. 
78, 81.) 

(109.) Bronx River. During the Revolution the British fleet received 
orders "to proceed up the Bronx and attack the Yankees in hiding above ! " 
An English officer reported, " We have crossed the Bronx without the loss 
of a single man !" 

(110.) Clason's Point, where Thos. Cornell settled in 1643. An 
ancient farm house, formerly standing close to the shore, is declared to 
have been 

(in.) Lord Howe's headquarters prior to the battle of Pell's Point. 
Some of its stones have found their way into the structure of the Clason's 
Point Inn, part of which is the house constructed by Cornell. Cornell's 
house the year in which he arrived. 

(112.) Screven's Point (mouth of Westchester Creek), where may be 
seen the old Willfins Farm House and the Wilkins Homestead. Here 
the Sewanoe Indians had a fortified castle, whence the present name 
" Castle Hill.' At this point Adrian Block saw Indians and their wigwams 
on his voyage of discovery (1614). Within the Wilkins Homestead sev- 
eral Loyalist clergymen, including Rev. Isaac Wilkins, rector of St. 
Peter's, and Right Rev. Samuel Seabury, the Bishop, were hidden in a 
secret chamber. 

(113.) Zereg-a's or Ferris (Ferry) Point, called " Grove Siah's " by its 
colonial owner, Josiah Hunt, whose father, Thos. Hunt, received a patent 
for it from Gov. Nicholls. On this point stands the Ferris Mansion, built 
in 1687. 

(114.) Throg^s Point, styled in old records "Frog's Point," at the 
extremity of which stands Fort Scliuyler, where the boat lands. The fort 
was established about 1830. Throgg is an abbreviation of Throckmorton, 
named for the colonist who settled here in 1642, obtaining his land brief 
from the Dutch. One of his companions was Roger Williams. 

Follow the Throgg s Neck Road to the Eastern Boulevard, 

On the left is the extensive Havemeyer estate, where the British, under 
Howe, landed for their attack on Westchester, Ocl. 12, 1776. 

(115.) Hammond House, erected in 1800 by Abijah Hammond, and 



22 

remodeled by Mr. Havemeyer of sugar refinery fame. Beyond the fence 
is the 

(116.) Roberts Homestead, former home of the founder of Roberts 
College, Constantinople. Across the lane is the Van Schaick Mansion, in 

the grounds of which is a Cedar of Lebanon, declared to be the finest 
specimen of its kind in the United States. 

Follow the E. BoulevaTci to the Middletowti Road. 

(117.) Ferris House, in the Westchester Country Club grounds, claimed 
to have been Howe's headquarters. Marks on the staircase are declared to 
have been made by the hoof of one of his officer's horses. 

On the south is the original 

(118.) Ferris House, once owned by the well-known family of that 
name. 

Follow E. Bouleva?'d and the Pelhain Road, then turn north a short dis- 
tance, and see 

(119.) Tlie Spy Oak, said to be the largest of its kind east of the 
Rockies. It is said that a spy was hanged from this tree during the Revo- 
lution, and there are many other tales told of it. 

(120.) The 01(1 Paul House is just north. 

Return to Pelham Road and cross the 

(121.) Westchester Creek Causeway, where, on October 12th, 1776, 
was fought an important battle between the Americans under Heath and 
the British under Howe. The patriots ripped up the planking of the old 
causeway just before the enemy reached the spot, and greeted their 
approach with a volley, repulsing them. Two days later the English 
brought up their cannon and began a fortification where the Westchester 
Presbyterian Church now stands, but they withdrew their troops and guns 
a few days later. Howe then sought to join with the Hessians near New 
Rochelle, a feat accomplished only after a desperate struggle with Glover 
at Pelham 's Neck. (See Section VI.) 

Westchester Village was called by the Dutch " Vredeland," or Land of 
Peace. The site was purchased from the Indians in 1654 by Thos. Pell, 
and was described as "all that tract of land called Westchester." 

(122.) Old Bowue House, west of the causeway, now used as a store. 

(123.) St. Peter's Church, on Westchester Avenue, fourth building on 
this site, the first having been erected in 1700. The chime of bells is said 
to have been presented to the church in the time of Queen Anne. The 
churchyard contains stones dating back to 181 3. Beyond the Sunday 



23 

School building is the site of an old Quaker Meeting House, while another 
stood just west. Both were destroyed by fire, it is said, on the same night. 
Near by flows the 

(124.) Indian Brook, on the banks of which the celebrated George 
Fox is said to have addressed the first Quaker meeting held in America. 
To the west is 

(125.) St. Peter's Rectory (15th Street and Avenue B), standing on 
land forming part of the "Ancient Glebe," given by the town in 1703. 

Return by trolley to the Third Avenue Elevated or Subway. 

SECTION VI. CITY ISLAND AND PELHAM BAY PARK. 

[Figures refer to map V, p. 2g.) 

(Latter part of trip recommended as a carriage or bicycle trip.) 

At I2gth Street station of the Third Avenue Elevated take Harlem 
River Branch of the New Haven R. R. to Bartow [trains leave 13 
minutes before every hour). At Bartow take horse car for City 
Island, passing site of 

(126.) Indian buryin^-ground, where Indian remains have been 
found. There were two Indian villages on this neck, one near the Eastern 
Boulevard and one on the very extremity of Pelham Neck. Before cross- 
ing the bridge see the 

(127.) Marshall Mansion, or Colonial Inn. While crossing the new 
bridge, see just north of the present structure the approaches of the 

(128.) Old City Island Bridge, originally spanning the Harlem at 
Harlem Village. Previous to its erection here, City Island was reached 
by a ferry. 

City Island, " the Pearl of the Sound," or " Gem of the Ocean." re- 
ceived its present name because a city was planned here to outstrip New 
York. It is said that the oyster culture started here. Note the rural ap- 
pearance of streets and houses. 

At the etid of the line, walk on to the end of the island, passi?ig on the 

left the 

(129.) Horton Homestead, the oldest house on the island. Most of 
City Island was once comprised in the Horton Farm. From the dock see 
view of the Sound. Close by is the Belden Mansion, with extensive 
grounds, at Belden's Point. To the shipyard here some of America's Cup 
Defenders are sent to be broken up into scrap-iron. 



24 

Returning, go to the right at Ditniars Street for the 

(130.) Macedonia Hotel, on the eastern shore. Read the inscription 
— stating that the wing is part of an English frigate captured during the 
War of 1 812. Visit the old cabin and see the mast-hole, hammock-hooks 
and iron ring to fasten the guns, also the officers' staterooms. 

See from here Hart's Island, the " Potter's Field" of New York City. 

Take the car back to 

(131.) Glover's Rock. Read the tablet— (erected by the Mt. Ver- 
non Chapter of the D. A. R. in 1901), describing the Battle of Pell's Point 
(Oct. 18, 1776), which began near this rock, when 750 men under Col. 
Clover detained Howe long enough for Washington to reach White Plains 
in safety. Cannon-balls were found here when the railroad track was 
being constructed. 

At the Eastern Boulevard go east quarter of a mile to 

(132.) Bartow Mansion. Not far away is the site of the original 
Pell House, though some say that it was on the extreme end of Pelham 
Neck. Many interesting tales are told of this house, under the title 
" Mysteries of a Pelham Farm House." In the centre of a large field in 
iront stands what is claimed to be 

(133.) Pell Treaty Oak, the famous tree where Thomas Pell in 1654 
signed the treaty with the Sewanoe Indians, purchasing about 10,000 acres 
from them (see Comfort's History of the Bronx, p. 53). 

Between the Bartow Mansion and the Sound is the 

(131-.) Pell family Burial-ground. Note the four (modern) stone 
corner-posts, with the emblem of the Pell family, A Pelican Gorged, and 
each bearing a different inscription. Read the inscription on the large 
centre stone. 

Return to the Boulevard and continue to the white stone gate-posts 

leading to 

(135.) Hunter's Island, where see the Hunter-Iselin Mansion. On 
the southeast side of the island are said to be the great Indian rock 
*' Mishow " and the graves of two Indian sachems. The Indian name for 
this region was " Laaphawachking," the place of stringing beads. 

Take the right-hand road over to Hunter s Island leading to the 

(136.) Twin Islands, on the second of which stands the Ogden Man- 
sion. From this point a fine marine view may be enjoyed. See the 



25 

(137.) Stepping Stones Light, so called from its location on one of 
the " Devil's Stepping Stones," an irregular line of rocks jutting out into 
the Sound. According to an old legend the Evil One made his retreat over 
these stones from Westchester County to Long Island to escape the ven- 
geance of his Indian foes. Heaping up all the stones he could find in 
Long Island at Cold Spring, he hurled them at his enemies in Westchester, 
thus accounting for the number of boulders in Westchester and the free- 
dom from them in Long Island. In a boulder southeast of Eastchester 
may be seen the likeness of a foot said to be the Devil's imprint. 

Returti on the Boulevard to Prospect Hill Avenue {Split Rock Road), 
along which Glover's gallant men so stubbornly resisted the advancing 
British. 

Follow Split Rock Road to the 

(138.) Collins House, or Joshua Pell Mansion, one of the ancient 
Pell homes. 

(139.) Split Eock is a gigantic boulder, cleft squarely in twain, a 
good sized tree growing in the crevice. Tradition states that the early 
home of Ann Hutchinson (for whom the Hutchinson River is named) was 
near this spot. She came here in 1642 with her younger children and her 
son-in-law, and in the same year her cabin was burned by the Indians, and 
all but one of her family were killed, her eight-year-old daughter escaping,, 
only to be captured. Some say she perished on the crest of Split Rock. 

Continue to Boston Road, and then follow Wolfs Lane, line of the 
American retreat. At the corner of this lane and Boston Road is 
another 

(140.) Pell House, remodeled and modernized. At the foot of the 
hill is another 

(141.) Pell Mansion, perhaps the finest of all. with its splendid col- 
umns and iron lattice-work, and the family coat of-arms. In the woods 
near by is the 

(142.) Lord Howe Chestnut, where Howe and his generals lunched 
on Oct. 18, 1776, while resting during their pursuit of the Americans. 
Some say that they lunched at the Pell House (140), taking the old lady's 
last turkey. 

(143.) Hutchinson Rirer Bridge, where the battle of Pell's Point 
ended and the day was saved for Washington. This bridge is on the line 
of the original Boston Road, opened in 1672. 

Take trolley to Mt. Vernon and train or trolley home. 



26 

SECTION VII. EASTERN MORRISANIA AND WEST FARMS 
TO EASTCHESTER. 

{Figures refer to Map II, p. 16, I V, p. 18, and V, p. 2p.) 

Take Third Avenue Elevated R. R. or Lenox Avenue Subway 
Express to I4gth Street and Third Avenue and change to a north-bound 
West Farms trolley, running along Third A^fenue (formerly the old Post 
Road) to West Farms and Eastchester, passing on the right at 156th 
Street the site of the old School-house where many of the children of the 
early residents received their first training. Near the 36th Precinct 
Station, the Avenue turns to the right, crossing where once flowed Old Mill 
Brook, the division line in thousands of titles for real estate. On its banks 
once stood the old Morrisania mill, thus giving it the title of the Saw Mill 
Brook. At i6ist Street is the new Court House on the site of the old 
Hammer Hotel. West on Third Avenue, near 163d Street, stood the 
shingled Georgi House, one of the three buildings standing on Gouvemeur 
Morns' farm in 1848 when he sold it to be cut up into building lots to form 
the village of Morrisania. Here the car climbs the steep hill of Boston 
Road. What is now Third Avenue north of this point was once the 
narrow and shaded Fordham Lane, extending through the fields and 
■woods of the Morris farm. 

At Boston Road and Cauldwell Avenue below i66th Street was 
Pudding Rock, a gigantic glacial boulder where the Indians held their 
corn feasts, and under the cool shade of which the tired Huguenots 
paused to rest on their long Sabbath journey from New Rochelle to New 
York. 

At i68th Street may be seen the 

(144.) Teu Mile Stone marking the distance from the English City 
Hall on Wall Street. Opposite Union Avenue is the site of the Jennings 
Homestead, known also as the Drovers' Inn and the Old Stone Jug, built 
1 50 years ago. 

On the same side opposite Bristow Street is the second site of the old 
Spy House, where it was moved on the widening of the avenue. 

On the east side of the junction of Minford Place is the first location of 
this house. In this little building, it is said, lived an American spy who 
played the same part in this neighborhood as did Cooper's spy at Mamar- 
oneck. Where the Southern Boulevard crosses may be seen the 

(145.) Old Hunt House, where Washington is supposed to have had a 
conference with the spy. 



27 

Leave the car at 

(146.) West Farms, which still has the appearance of a country 
village. At the right pass the site of the DeLancey Block House, a noted 
place for the RoyaHsts, until destroyed in a midnight attack by Aaron 
Burr. It stood on the land of the Peabody Home, the building following 
it being known as the Uncle Daniel Mapes' Temperance House. 

Just north of this point the Kingsbridge Road from Manhattan crossed 
the Bronx River at a ford. Across the river was the DeLancey estate on 
which were the DeLancey's Mills (a former name of West Farms). Nearby 
can be seen the ruins of 

(147.) Lydig's Mills, built in early times. Just north stood the quaint 
Johnson's Tavern, an ancient inn where the stage-coach from Boston to 
New York stopped to change horses. On the east bank of the river rises 
the 

(148.) DeLancey Pine, 150 feet high, in the thick branches of which 
the American sharpshooters used to hide while picking off the British in 
the DeLancey Block House. 

" Stands high in solitary state 
DeLancey's ancient pine." 

On the left in Bronx Park may be seen the famous (104) Rocking 
Stone, easily swayed. A short distance beyond is the picturesque and 
shaded 

(149.) Fording Place where all travelers had to wade their steeds 
through the river. Beyond is the old hamlet of Bronxdale, near which is 
Bear Swamp, on the site of an Indian village which remained until 1689. 
Crossing the Bear Swamp Road, pass the site of Thwaite's Old Home- 
stead, recently destroyed. Cross the broad Pelham Parkway. In the 
woods east it is said that A. T. Stewart's body was surrendered to the 
family by the thieves. Just beyond is the site of the 13th Mile Stone, while 
half a mile north is Spencer's Corners, once the residence of an old family 
of that name. In the woods to the left is the 

(150.) Underbill Burjing Grrouud, said to have been bought by that 
family from the Indians. A mile beyond is an old house on the height of 
ground from which may be obtained a fine view of the surrounding 
country. Beyond is the 

(151.) 15th Mile Stone. Half a mile further is 

(152.) Rattlesnake Brook, from whence may be made a 



28 

SIDE TRIP to 
(153) Seton Falls, (154) the great Selou Cave, the {155) "Indian 

Hiding" Place," and some (lo(>) Indian Fortifications, all concealed in 

the dense woods. 

Beyond Rattlesnake Brook is the quaint and curious old 

(157.) Tillage of Eastcliester. On the right of the road may be seen 

Revolutionary Odell's Barns, almost in ruins. 

Walk down Mill Lane to the 

(158.) Reid's Miller's House. On the marshes stood the famous 
Reid's Mill, a tide-mill which once ground grain for the farmers for miles 
around. It was built in 1739. 

Return to the Post Road. 

As it bends to the left may be seen the 

(159.) Vincent-Halsey House, the smaller portion being of Revolu- 
tionary date. Nearby was the old Guion Inn, a Revolutionary tavern 
where Washington once stopped and mentioned in his diary that these 
roads were " immensely rough and stony." 

(160.) Oroshon House, a quaint old landmark. 

(161.) St, Paul's Church, built in 1765, opposite the site of the first 
building erected in 1699. Daring the Revolution St. Paul's was used as 
a British hospital. See the historical collection, which includes an old 
Prayer Book and Bible. These, together with the great bell, were buried 
during the war in the Vincent-Halsey grounds. After the war, while the 
old church was used as a court of justice, Aaron Burr here pleaded many 
causes. 

(162.) St. Paul's Churchyard, containing 6,000 bodies. Note the 
quaint inscriptions on the tombstones, the oldest being dated 1704. 

Return by trolley to Mount Vernon and train to New York. 
N. B. Section VII could begin here, the route being reversed. 



t 



29 




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30 
PUBLICATIONS OF THE CITY HISTORY CLUB. 

City History Club Map of New York in the English Period. 5 cents. 

Club Song (with music). 35 cents. 

Syllabus of a Course of Lectures on New York City. 25 cents. 

* Teachers' Handbook : Outlines of a Course of Study in Local Geogra- 
phy, History and Government. 25 cents. 

"Graphic Views of Government" (to illustrate the relations of our 
National, State and City Governments), to cents (revised 1906). 
Syllabus of the Government of N. Y. City, 25 cents (in preparation). 

HISTORICAL EXCURSION LEAFLETS, 5 cents each. 

*No. L— City Hall to Wall Street (Revised 1905). 

*No. n. — Greenwich Village and Lispenard's Meadows (Revised 1906). 

* No. HL — The Bowery and East Side. 

* No. IV. — Central Park to Kingsbridge. 

* No. v.— The 19th Century City : 14th Street to i loth Street. . 

* No. VL — Fraunces' Tavern. 

* No. VH. — South of Wall Street (Revised 1905, with new maps). 

* No. VHL — Historic Brooklyn. 

No. IX. — Historic Bronx (1906), price 10 cents. 

No. X. — " Richmond (1906). 

No. XI. — " Queens (in preparation). 

No. XII. — " Brooklyn, Part II. (in preparation). 

* Supplement B. — Additions and Corrections, 1906. 

CLUB GAME.— 25 cents. 

* ILLUSTRATIONS.— The Club publishes 45 small pictures of the 
famous men, buildings and events of local history. 25 cents per set. 

ILLUSTRATED LECTURES on City History and Government may be 
arranged for children or adults at from $3.00 to $10.00 per lecture plus 
lantern expenses. Regular classes may also be arranged. 

LANTERN SLIDES to illustrate local history and government maybe 
hired at S2.00 per set. They should be ordered ten days in advance and 
may be kept three days. The Club has recently acquired several hundred 



rare views. 



HISTORICAL GUIDES may be secured, the price ranging according 
to the size of the party and the distance covered, the minimum fee being 
$3.00. 

Address City History Club, 23 W. 44th St., N. Y. City. 

Office hours: 2.30-5 p. M., Sat. 9-1 ; October to May. 



* On the Supply List of the Board of Education, New York City. (Nos. 3778, 3967, 3968.) 
'U 8655) 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



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